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Written Assignment for MODULE 4 Metaphysics and Epistemology
MODULE 4 Metaphysics and Epistemology
Module Overview:
Module Learning Objectives:
What is Metaphysics?
What is reality?
What is the view of materialism?
What is the view of idealism?
What is the view of Dualism?
What is the view of Existentialism?
What is the view of Pragmatism?
What is the view of Post modernism?
What is epistemology?
What does it mean to know something?
What are the different theories of Knowledge?
What are the different theories of truth?
What is the post modern view of truth?
Chapter 4 : Metaphysics
OVERVIEW
Metaphysics deals with what is real. Have you ever heard or said any of the following:
Are you for real?
Really!!
No kidding! For real?
Is it really true?
Get real!
Are they real?
Well just what is meant by reality? What does it mean to be real? Is there a reality? How would we know it?
This is the stuff of metaphysics. When someone dies and a survivor wonders whether or not souls are real they are entering into metaphysical thinking as soon as they begin to think about what exactly it means to be real.
Physical objects are real. Ideas are real. Relationships (taller than, older than) are real. they are all real but they are not the same. What do they have in common that makes them real? You check out something to determine whether or not it is real. A testing process is used. The testing involves the use of the senses, physical objects and measuring devices. But are all things that are real detectable by means of such physical devices? This is a metaphysical question.
Metaphysics is a branch of Philosophy that could be of significance to humans as they must deal with claims about things and state of affairs about which they wonder, “Are they real or not?” At the beginning of the Twenty First Century Philosophers are exploring alternatives to the post modernist view that would restore some notion of there being a reality. It is too soon to discern which traditions in Philosophy may reassert themselves and in what form to displace the discredited postmodern rejection of the idea of a single reality.
At the beginning of the twentieth century there was a movement in Philosophy called linguistic analysis that held that most, if not all, of the most basic problems confronting philosophers and humans were the result of language problems and once they were solved with a method of clarification the human problems would be solved as well. This has not proven to be the case. Some but not all of the problem with the idea that there are “multiple realities” may very well be a problem with language and the sloppiness with which people use it.
Let’s consider the idea of “multiple realities”. At first glance many will agree that there are multiple realities. But when asked exactly what is meant by that claim there are different ideas. There is a need to clarify the meaning of the term “reality”. As with many words there is more than one meaning and to switch from one to another in a conversation or an argument is to invite problems. In Philosophy this problem is known as equivocation.
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