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General Description: What we now know as the "Internet" began in the 1960s when the US military funded the development of ARPANET, the technical basis for what became the Internet. For the next two decades, use of the Internet (as it became known) was primarily restricted to the military and to the academin community who used it for the transmission and exchange of text-based data. It was not until the 1990s and the development of the World Wide Web that use of the Internet became widely popular. The development of the World Wide Web (www) facilitated the distribution of information and, in 1993, with the introduction of the Mosaic web browser and its protocols for using graphic images, the WWW entered a period of rapid development and expansion. Artists quickly took note of this new technology and the possibilities it offered as a medium for creating art and as a means for
distribution. This module exercise focuses on "Net Art," a distinct form of art that emerged from the technological revolutions of the Internet and WWW. Net art is work that is created solely to be experienced on the WWW.
Writing Task: This exercise requires you to write a critique in response to one of the Net Art sites listed below. Your response should be concise but thorough. Mark Tribe (of Brown University) has developed a handy guide for critiquing art works. While not
all of the “steps” in the guide may be applicable to net-based art, many of them are. Use the guide (see below) as a helpful way to examine and consider your response to the site you critique. Select one of the following sites for the subject of your critique. The works listed below are each very different and may, in some cases, challenge
your concepts about what may rightfully be termed a work of art. Some of the sites may require plugins, or may work more effectively on one or another operating platform. If you encounter a site that doesn’t work on your computer, move on to
another or try another computer. One of the greatest challenges for artists working in this form (Internet-based art) is the rapid obsolescence of various technologies and how it affects the functional longevity of their work.
? Grafik Dynamo! by Kate Armstrong and Michael Tippett: Grafik Dynamo is a net art work that loads live images from blogs and news sources on the web into a live action comic strip. The work is currently using a feed from LiveJournal. The images are accompanied by narrative fragments that are dynamically loaded into speech and thought bubbles and randomly displayed. Animating the comic strip using dynamic web content opens up the genre in a new way: Together, the images and narrative serve to create a strange, dislocated notion of sense and expectation in the reader, as they are sometimes at odds with each other, sometimes perfectly in sync, and always moving and changing. The work takes an experimental approach to open ended narrative, positing a new hybrid between the flow of data animating the work and
the formal parameter that comprises its structure.
? Color Code by Martin Wattenberg: This artwork is an interactive map of more than 33,000 words. Each word has been assigned a color based on the average color of images found by a search engine. The words are then grouped by meaning. The resulting patterns form an atlas of our lexicon.
? We Fee Fine by Jonathan Harris: The artist’s website describes this work as "an
exploration of human emotion. It continually harvests sentences containing the phrase “I feel” or “I am feeling” from the Internet’s newly posted blog entries, saves them in a database, and displays them in an interactive Java applet, which runs in a web browser. Each dot represents a single person’s feeling. The color of each dot corresponds to the type of feeling it represents (bright dots are happy, dark dots are sad), and the diameter of each dot indicates the length of the sentence inside. Demographic information (age, gender, location, and weather) is also collected and displayed. Photo montages with text / image overlays are automatically constructed from photographs and feeling sentences that occur in the same blog entry. We
Feel Fine collects around 15,000 new feelings per day, and has saved over 13 million feelings since 2005, forming a constantly evolving portrait of human emotion. It is a collaboration with Sep Kamvar."
? Phylotaxis created for Seed by Jonathan Harris: This work "illustrates the delicate balance between science and culture in our world. Without the randomness of culture, science becomes dry and predictable, imprisoned in a strict square grid.
Without the rational thinking of science, culture quickly teeters towards chaos. Only when science and culture act as peers can harmony be achieved, expressed through the astonishing Phylotaxis shape. The individual beads of the Phylotaxis
represent an ever-changing zeitgeist of science news in our world, populated automatically every few hours by a computer program that scours a slew of online news sources and blogs that focus on science. The Phylotaxis is therefore beyond human control, autonomously composing its own new identity, based on what’s
happening in the world of science."
Technical Requirements / Due Date: Your response to this assignment should be 400-500 words in length and is to be conceptually polished and fully edited when submitted as a finished product. Also, please follow the General Technical Requirements discussed at the beginning of this document.
Mark Tribe’s Step-by-step Method for Critiquing Art Works
Observe & Investigate
? Pay close and careful attention to the work.
? Read artists’ statements, artists’ bios, curatorial essays, reviews, etc.
Describe
? What media are used? How are they used?
? What are the work’s formal qualities: tone, pace, style, color, composition, etc.
? How does the work relate to its environment? What is the context in which you encounter it?
Analyze
? Is the work concerned primarily with materials? Ideas? Narrative? Form? Emotional expression? Politics?
? What is the artist appearing to trying to say or do with the work?
? Does it comment on or refer to other art works?
? How does it relate to the artist’s other work?
? In short: What is the work “about?”
Evaluate
? What do you like most about the work? In which ways is it most successful?
? What do you like least about the work? How and where is it not “working?”
? Does the work achieve the goals the artist seems to have set for it?
Suggest
? Alternative ways to present or distribute work.
? Things the artist might change or do differently.
? Artists, texts, or other things the artist might investigate
This guide was developed by and is used with the permission of artist, curator, and teacher Mark Tribe. The original document may.
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