Since Blumner was the former director, go to the Florida chapter of the ACLU website and look at what kinds of positions they take, what values they express, and what arguments they make. With that knowledge, evaluate her credibility or what Aristotle called ethos. Then describe an audience who you think would have an opinion different than yours and why you believe they would have a different opinion (e.g., if her affiliation with the ACLU impressed you, who do you think would feel suspicious toward her because of this affiliation, or vice versa). While one might argue that facts and reasons are a more sound basis for arguments than emotions, in fact, both emotional appeals and factual appeals can be fallacious (manipulative and logically unsound). Thus the persuasiveness of either a factual or an emotional appeal is utterly dependent on whether we trust the source of that appeal. Is the author/speaker being fair with us? Is he or she being honest? Is his or her perspective wise? Aristotle understood this and thus argued that one has to establish ones credibility or ethos in an argument (this is also referred to as an ethical appeal). We judge peoples ethos in many ways including by how well they craft their arguments, but we also are often suspicious of people who too effectively craft their arguments. This is why we may distrust clever lawyers or slick politicians. If we are not already familiar with an author on what basis can we judge him or her? In fact, most people judge a sources credibility on whether they identify with the author or speaker. Philosopher Kenneth Burke called this consubstantiality. Is he or she like us? Does she or he share our values? For better or worse, this often leads to judging people based on the groups they belong to and the prejudices we have developed regarding those groups. For example, are they Republican or Democrat? Pro-business or proenvironment (or pro-growth or antigrowth)? Or my least favorite, right or left? What Awaits you: On-time delivery guarantee Masters and PhD-level writers Automatic plagiarism check 100% Privacy and Confidentiality High Quality custom-written papers
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