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• Please answer 9 out of the following 18 questions.
• For Question 19, please design one question and its corresponding answer from your area of interest in global health. Question 19 is mandatory.
• Each question is worth 10 points.
• The exam should be formatted as follows:
o Write each question at the top before providing your answer, especially question 19.
o Each answer should be at least 1 page in length.
o Please use proper footnotes/references if you use information directly/indirectly from any source(s).
o Include your name at the top or bottom of each page.
o Use 1.5 line spacing.
o Maintain 1-inch margins.
• A hard copy of the final exam must be submitted to the professor no later than 5 p.m. on 12/12/2012.
Questions:
1. Describe three major problems that affect health systems in low- and middle-income countries.
2. What is the most common type of unintentional injury in the developing world? Name 3 methods for preventing this problem. Why do you think this kind of injury has received less attention than other public health issues?
3. How do the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) impact the implementation of global health activities? Give 2 examples of the application of the MDGs in global health activities and give brief illustrations for each.
4. Name one environmental health issue and a specific solution for reducing exposure to it.
5. Differentiate between confidentiality and anonymity in a public health study involving human subjects. Explain the steps you would take to maintain both in your research.
6. Explain how culture or religion can be used to promote a specific health behavior and explain what disease or illness this behavior would decrease or prevent. Give as comprehensive an answer as you can.
7. Name one newly emerging problem in global health. Describe where it exists, what segments of the population it affects (men, slum dwellers, the elderly, sex workers, etc.), and why it may be difficult to solve.
8. How is education related to health status? Describe how increased levels of education can lead to a healthier population.
9. What measures/indicators would you use to determine a country’s progress in the following areas:
• Reproductive health
• Smoking
• Air pollution
10. Define “epidemiological transition.” Which of the 3 determinants of health are affected by
this phenomenon? Illustrate with an example for each determinant.
11. What are “the 4 Ps” of social marketing? Describe the steps you might take to develop a social marketing program for increasing bed net use in a low-income country in Sub-Saharan Africa.
12. The rates of non-communicable disease are increasing in many low- and middle-income countries. Describe the factors responsible for this shift.
13. List 3 important scientific discoveries in the last 100 years that led to major gains in global health. What 3 solutions or discoveries in the future do you think will improve global health?
14. Imagine you are the Minister of Health in a low-income country and you have enough funding for one program to decrease the mortality of children under five. Which would you fund: a health program for pregnant mothers or a program to improve infant nutrition? Explain and support your decision.
15. Say you are trying to convince policymakers of the importance of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment. How would you illustrate the cost of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in social and economic terms?
16. Of the following health issues for females, pick three and describe why females suffer from this issue more than men; and one thing public health workers can do to decrease their prevalence.
• Sex-Selective Abortion, Female Genital Cutting, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Unsafe Abortions, Obstetric Fistula, Violence and Sexual Abuse Against Women
17. What are the four mental disorders that contribute the largest share to the burden of mental disorders? Describe why mental disorders are typically not referred to when discussing diseases impacting developing nations.
18. What is the purpose of institutional review boards? Pick one of the following studies, describe the study, and describe why it may be considered unethical.
• The Tuskegee Study, The Willowbrook School Study, Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital, Milgram Obedience Study
19. Please frame your own question and answer it.
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