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Answer the following questions:
Final Exam – sample questions
1. Which of the following does not play a role in the accrual of bone mass?
a. Hormones
b. Cigarette smoking
c. Vitamin D
d. Iron
e. All of the above are involved
2. Which of the following factors is most strongly related to absolute maximal oxygen
uptake?
a. age
b. body size
c. training
d. gender
e. all of the above
3. Once individuals attain their adult body size, the only way they can improve anaerobic
performance is through training.
a. True
b. False
4. Which of the following does not decline in old age?
a. Heart volume
b. Basal metabolic rate
c. Muscle strength
d. Resting cardiac output
e. All of the above decline in old age
5. During middle adulthood visual acuity starts to decline. This is termed
a. Myopia
b. Presbyopia
c. Presbycussis
d. Hyperopia
e. Glaucoma
6. Which of the following is least likely to occur as a result of strength training in older
adults?
a. An increase in maximum oxygen uptake
b. An increase in muscle cross-section area
c. An increase in walking speed
d. An increase in walking endurance
7. Despite lower hemoglobin concentrations than those of adults, children achieve
comparable efficiency in oxygen transport during prolonged exercise because they can
extract relatively more oxygen from the blood than adults can.
a. True
b. False
8. For any individual, the limiting factor in continuing vigorous activity is the heart’s ability
to pump enough blood to meet the oxygen needs of working muscles.
a. True
b. False
9. Gerontologist now believe the following in regards to older adulthood
a. That it is a period of decline
b. That it is a period of improvement
c. That it is a period of great change
d. That it is a period of growth
10. Which of the following disorders do not affect people in middle adulthood?
a. Cataracts
b. Glaucoma
c. Retinal detachment
d. Macular degeneration
e. all of the above occur in middle adulthood
11. Your elderly grandmother (80 years old) keeps forgetting where she has put her glasses,
cheque book, and keys. You should therefore conclude that
a. She has suffered a stroke
b. No definite conclusions are warranted without further information
c. She has Alzheimer’s disease
d. She is suffering from an irreversible organic brain syndrome
e. She should do her banking online
Answer the following short answer questions:
12. Discuss the actions of growth hormone during adolescence.
13. Discuss Tanners 5 stages of sexual development
14. Discuss body composition changes in adolescences
15. Discuss changes in the cardiorespiratory system throughout the life span and how
exercise is involved.
16. Name and describe three (3) physical changes in boys during puberty
17. Name six (6) advantages to regular exercise
18. After young adulthood our bodies start to decline. Discuss the changes in primary
ageing in height, weight and strength.
19. Discuss the timing of puberty in terms of onset, causes etc
20. The brain is constantly changing. Describe the physical changes to the brain during
puberty and their consequences.
21. What is the difference between the peripheral slowing hypothesis and the generalized
slowing hypothesis of ageing
22. Explain the male climacteric
23. Discuss changes in two (2) functional capacities in older adults and how exercise may or
may not help.
24. Explain the effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system
25. Explain the effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal system
26. There are 5 physiological areas that are tested in the FallScreen. Provide an explanation
of 2 and why they are relevant to falls?
27. How does and exercise program from an older adult differ from a young adult
28. There are three (3) areas that changes in memory focus on. Name two (2) areas and
provide an example of each.
29. Name 3 motivators and 3 barriers to physical activity
30. Does the cost of physical inactivity outweigh the cost of physical activity – explain. 31. Explain the differences in strength between males and females. How much does muscle
size account for this difference? What other constraints might exist? (2 marks)
32. Discuss the use of resistance training across the lifespan
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