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1. What is your general topic?
2. What questions do you want to answer?
3. What is the key literature and its limitations?
4. What are the main hypotheses of the work?
5. What methodology do you intend to use? What are your case studies, if any?
6. What are the limitations of your proposed research?
7. Why do you want to spend four years on this particular topic?
8. What is particularly interesting about it? Is it a new topic? A much researched topic which requires a new approach?
9. Why, in your view, your proposed work will make a significant and original contribution to the field?
In 2010, the United Nations High Commission for Refugees advised that over 800,000 refugees will require resettlement in the long-term. The research will examine how the burden sharing approach can contribute to the protection of refugees, and how the 3 solidarities presented in the Mexico Plan of Action can be applied as a responsibility sharing model for asylum seekers in the European Union.
Some information
Mexico Plan of Action
The MPA was planned to answer especially the humanitarian needs of people that flee from the violence in Colombia and includes an exhausting program to evaluate the refugee’s needs and those of local host communities, especially in border areas of neighbouring countries, considering complementary humanitarian activities and the orientations for development. Considering all the above, three programmes were proposed: self-sufficiency and a local integration program called Solidarity Cities; an integral program called Borders of Solidarity; and the regional program named Solidarity Resettlement.
The programme Solidarity Cities intends to avoid, as far as possible, the so-called irregular or secondary movements and intend, overall, to offer more effective protection that encompasses the refugee’s rights and social duties, economic and cultural. This program aims to ease the execution of public policy, under a social integral strategy, with financial aid from the international community and in collaboration with the United Nations and civil society.
The program Borders of Solidarity which indicated ignorance of the size of the issue on the borders with Ecuador, Panam? and Venezuela with Colombia, since the 10,000 refugees and the 30,000 asylum seekers would represent, at the time, only a fraction of the total of Colombian citizens that would transit through or reside in these countries. These displaced, in most part, remained invisible, or in other words, in irregular migratory conditions.
The regional program Solidarity Resettlement consists of regional resettlement for Latin American refugees, based on principles of international solidarity and responsibility-sharing. This opens the possibility for any Latin American country, the moment it finds it appropriate, to receive refugees that find themselves in other countries of the region, and aims at lowering the impact of the humanitarian situation. The MPA text emphasises that resettlement and other durable solution in the region should not be seen as a collective responsibility, but as a demonstration of international solidarity.
European Union
The Dublin system systemically blocked a fair burden-sharing. This system has been shown to stabilize an inequitable distribution of protection seekers between Member States and to unfairly penalize countries at the border of the community. It could easily intensify repressive measures by those countries and lead to an unequal distribution of burden between EU Member States. It eventually may endanger the willingness of Member States to fully comply with their duties under the Dublin II Regulation. Further funds may be allocated to alleviate the particular financial burdens of these border states. On the other hand, if asylum were considered not only as a national responsibility but as an EU responsibility, it would seem logical to develop concepts for creating more solidarity within the EU.
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