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Research Paper Guidelines
Discipline Based Topic: What is Inclusion?
In this assignment you are to conduct a research inquiry to answer the question posed in the title of this activity: What is Inclusion?
Your research should focus on “inclusion” for a specific disability category (i.e., “inclusion” must be related to one of the fourteen IDEA exceptionality categories (See: page 19 in your textbook for the list). After deciding which exceptionality category you wish to investigate you will need to:
1. Locate at least 5 research articles from scholarly peer-reviewed journals articles on inclusion (at least one of which must be on including students with the disability category you selected);
2. Interview an intervention specialist/ special teacher to develop a better understanding of inclusion in conjunction with your specified exceptionality category.
3. Interview a general education teacher to get their views of including students with special needs in their classroom.
How to tell if it’s a ‘peer-reviewed’ journal
Many scholarly journals use a process of peer review prior to publishing an article, whereby other scholars in the author’s field or specialty critically assess a draft of the article. Peer-reviewed journals (also called refereed journals) are scholarly journals that only publish articles that have passed through this review process. The review process helps ensure that the published articles reflect solid scholarship in their fields.
Other common characteristics of scholarly, peer-reviewed, or refereed journal
• Formal in format
• Sources are cited with footnotes, APA citations and/or a bibliography at the end of the article
• Authors are scholars and researchers in the field and are identified as such
• Purpose of the article is to publish the results of research
• Publisher may be a professional organization, research institution; usually not-for-profit
• Very little advertising
• Graphics are usually statistical illustrations, in black-and-white
Papers should be at least 8-11 pages in length (NOT INCLUDING THE REQUIRED REFERENCE LIST). In addition, at least 8 references are required (5 of which being the peer-reviewed journal articles) for this assignment.
Papers should be formatted using APA 6th edition (See: APA Web Link on Blackboard for examples of how to correctly cite references (both in-text and in the required Reference List at the end of your paper).
You are responsible for choosing and contacting interview sources. Therefore, I can’t stress strongly enough that is a very good idea to make your contacts early in the semester and not wait until right before the interview is due to avoid problems (See: Schedule for due date). Due to confidentiality reasons, all identification information should be fictional (i.e., no real names, schools, etc. are to be used – please create a fictional name for the teachers and/or their schools)
General Guidelines
• Introduction: Your paper should begin with a well developed introduction that explicitly states the purpose and direction of your research paper. (1- 1 ½ pages)
• Definition, Characteristics & Prevalence of Disability Category: Following the introduction, the next part of your paper should clearly state the IDEA 2004 disability/exceptionality category on which you have chosen to focus (See: page 19 in your textbook for list of categories). This section should include a definition of the disability as well the characteristics and prevalence statistics for that disability. Make sure you compare and contrast any differences you find in the various sources you use, regarding definitions, characteristics and prevalence. (1-2 pages)
When researching your paper, DO NOT use your textbook as a reference/resource as one of the aims of this is paper is to research additional information than that found in your text, and so expand your knowledge.
• Next, the body of your paper (5-8 pages) will then include the following:
• Inclusion Defined: in which you clearly define and describes Inclusion supported by the information you found in your research (in other words, the 5 peer-reviewed journals and your teacher interviews as well as any observations you may have personally made in your classroom, or while doing your field experience).
When including information from your interviews, do not use a question/answer format (e.g., I asked her “What does inclusion mean to you?” and then she answered, “Inclusion means when students with and without disabilities blah, blah, blah….”). Instead you’re to write up the results of your interviews using a narrative format that, as stated above, support your definition and description of Inclusion. A narrative format means writing up all the information into complete sentences and thoughts. A narrative is told from the author’s point of view and is usually filled with details to explain and/or support the points made in your paper. So do not use direct quotes from the interviewees – also, do not use the “personal communication” citation as it should be obvious in your narrative that you are referring to what the teacher said in that portion of your paper (e.g., Mr. Smith described inclusion as having a student with a disability in his math classroom, even though the student was accompanied by an aide and he had little contact with either. However, according to the research done by Webster and Webster (2012), unless a student is actively engaged in ….blah, blah, blah, their mere physical presence in the classroom does not constitute inclusion.).
• Implementation of Inclusion: in which you provide detailed information and descriptions, regarding how inclusion is implemented in conjunction with identified disability category with support from your peer reviewed journals, teacher interviews and observations. This section of your paper, like the Inclusion Defined section described above, should also be in a narrative format.
• Conclusion: End your paper by summarizing the main points you have made and redefining the purpose of the paper so that the reader has a clear understanding of what inclusion entails in general, and for a student with the disability, which was your focus, in particular. (1-2 pages)
Assignment Grading Rubric
The criteria, upon which the rubrics are based, are listed in order of relative importance to the rationale of the assignment. Each criterion is not of equal value in the grading rubric. The first criterion is the main focus of the assignment, therefore, should a category (poor, average, etc.) contain more than one point, students will be given the higher of the two point values listed if criterion 1 is accomplished at any level in the rubric (except at the Unsatisfactory level, of course).
Grading Criteria for Research Paper
1. The assignment demonstrates student met objectives of task by following all the directions given above; (i.e., focused on and defined, etc. a disability; cited the required 5 peer-reviewed journal articles with information from two interviewees as support in defining inclusion and its implementation; conclude by summarizing main points etc.).
2. The assignment is well written (e.g., correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation is used) and student uses a narrative format (i.e., did not write down a question, followed by the answer when describing interview results). Presents findings in an organized manner; fully elaborates points addressed with clear, accurate, and detailed information as required in the general guideline.
3. Student follows APA guidelines (e.g., Time New Roman, 12 font, double-spaced; all sources are accurate and cited correctly in-text IN ADDITION TO including a Reference List at end of paper.)
4. The paper is of sufficient length to be meaningful (i.e., 8-11 pages in total (not including Reference List); in addition to section totals as stated in the general guidelines).
The assignment satisfactorily accomplishes none of the four grading criteria.
Example: (Student did not follow the directions, use a narrative format and/or positive language) The assignment satisfactorily accomplishes any one of the four grading criteria. The assignment satisfactorily accomplishes any two of the four grading criteria.
[*If the assignment has not met the first criterion it cannot fall in the upper portion of this range.] The assignment accomplishes any *three of the four grading criteria.
[*If the assignment has not met the first criterion it cannot fall in the upper portion of this range.] The assignment: (a) follows directions and addresses points in General Guidelines in a meaningful way, (b) is well- written in narrative form, (c) uses APA format, including in-text citations as well as in Reference List, and (d) is of sufficient length as defined in assignment directions and General Guidelines.
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