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1. Describe the key roles and responsibilities of the federal government, the state and local governments and private industry.
Federal, state, and local governments along with private industry are all essential to Homeland Security. Kamien quoted the Quadrennial Homeland Security Review of 2010 by mentioning that the homeland security field consist of five broad areas: preventing terrorism and enhancing security, securing and managing our boarders, enforcing and administering our immigration laws, safeguarding and securing cyberspace, and ensuring resilience to disasters” (Kamien, 2012, pp.863). However, these are extremely broad terms and way too large for one agency to manage by itself. Each level of government must take a certain level of responsibility to in these areas as well. There is not a federal agency is going to have all-encompassing knowledge and experience to be able to execute these missions everywhere in the United States. Using the systems thinking approach would be essential to help all levels of government work together to accomplish their individual tasks while keeping successes for the greater good as the ultimate goal. Unfortunately, "Many coordination and implementation complications experienced in homeland security among different levels of government, the private sector, and the public are likely an indication of inadequate systems perspectives." (Kamien, 2012, pp. 865)
2. Describe the roles and interactions that you interpret necessary to address the inherent conflict of having free and open trade while maintain acceptable level of security.
As part of the systems thinking approach, all levels must understand the ultimate goal should be to operate collectively, but with the ironic goal of not realizing that we are functioning as parts of homeland security. In simpler terms, we want to be safe and enjoy a normal life without fear of crime or terrorism – to not have to feel like we need to look over our shoulders. However, to have that safety, we must accept that occasionally we have to look over our shoulders. Furthermore, all stakeholders to be a little more transparent to each other, so we can all operate from the same play book, but not so open as to allow the enemy to get a peak at that same play book. I like using TSA’s enhanced security measures as an example for this subject. These new procedures hurt the airline industries as it make it less convenient to fly and more expensive. However, it has been shown to be successful as other post 9/11 attempts to use airlines as weapons have been thwarted. Unfortunately, as a consumer myself, I do not like the idea of these "enhanced measures" being carried out on my young daughters. So I make the choice to use other means when I travel, albeit they are much slower. If airline and shipping companies, as well as their clients/customers, wish to avoid being victims of future attacks, then they need to accept a few more inconveniences as part of the overall effort to keep everyone safe.
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