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You are asked to discuss each of the provided elements of the case(bullet points at bottom). You are NOT being asked to decide what the particulars of the case are, but rather you are asked to develop your arguments based on sound ethical principles. Remember only use given ethical principles. DO NOT use statements such as, “I feel that…, I believe that…, in my opinion…,”. Please write a 4page paper on the Fred McDonald Case. Use only this case and internet for sources. Please be sure to hit all bullet points listed at the bottom.
The Fred McDonald Case
Fred McDonald completed his doctorate in biology two years ago and is in his last year as a post doctoral fellow in Professor Jones’s laboratory and research has been going well. There are just a few relatively straightforward controls to be run before he and Jones can submit a manuscript they have been preparing. In addition, McDonald had five job interviews and was then offered a position at Desert State University, which he has accepted.
However, his success has also caused some problems. With all the preparation and traveling for interviews McDonald hasn’t had the time or energy to do very much work in the lab lately. There’s another factor as well. McDonald promised Jones that he’d take care of those controls as soon as he finished interviewing but he hasn’t done them yet because he’s been writing a grant. During McDonald’s second visit to Desert, the biology department chair made it clear that McDonald is expected to bring in external funding for the research he plans to begin at DSU in a little over a year. The chair told McDonald, “ The sooner you get a grant, the better your chances for tenure.”& lt; /span>
For his post doc, McDonald decided to switch fields in order to learn some new techniques, but for his job he plans to return to research very close to what he did for his Ph.D. In fact, his job seminar was all based on his grad research, not the work he has done as a post doc. McDonald has an idea for a project that everyone he has consulted agrees has great potential. He is very excited about his planned research, and is highly confident that it will be successful both with the funding agency and in the lab. The only problem seems to be getting the grant written.
Unfortunately, since this is McDonald’s first grant application, writing it is proving to be far more time-consuming than he expected. He started a couple of months ago and has written the Research Design and Methods as well as the Preliminary Studies sections. All the special forms, facilities statements, biographies, supporting letters, and the budget are now done, but that still leaves the “ Background and Significance” section of the text.
It seems that every time he gets set to work on the grant proposal, something goes wrong. Last week he discovered that he had forgotten the animal use forms and had to rush about getting his protocol finalized and approved. Then, just this morning, Jones was pressing him for experimental results. “Look, Fred,” he said, “I know you’ve been busy, but those experiments can’t wait any longer. It’s been eight or ten weeks since you finished interviewing and the paper still isn’t ready to submit. If we don’t get moving we’re going to get scooped by Joe Atkins’ lab. Neither of us can afford to lose an important publication like this, especially you at this stage of your career. I want to see you at the bench tomorrow. Besides, I’m supporting you on my grant to do research in my lab, not to try to pull in money for DSU.”
The NIH grant application deadline for which McDonald has been aiming, one that could give him funding just after he arrives at DSU, is now only three days away, and it’s already 10 pm. As he goes through his files, frantically pulling out relevant articles while feeling fairly sure that there is no way he can get the writing done in time, he comes across a grant proposal on a similar topic that he had helped a professor review while he was a graduate student. The professor had also pointed out that it was a model proposal — scientifically sound and extremely well-written. As he looks at the photocopy he kept, McDonald realizes that the Background section of this older grant would fill in 90% of the information he needs. He could easily write the other 10% in three days.
Reasoning that grant proposals are funded based on the original proposal and not the back-ground, McDonald decides to type in the background material from the old grant, add new results and references that have been published in the last two years, and be done with it. This way everyone should be happy.
Should McDonald use the material this way? Why or why not?
Please discuss each of the following issues and points of conflict for:
• McDonald’s interest in getting the proposal done quickly vs. the original author’s interest in controlling and getting credit for his/her own ideas.
• McDonald’s obligations to his current employer vs. his future employer.
Describe the reasonable expectations for following interested parties:
• McDonald has an interest in
• Jones has an interest in
• Other people in Jones’s lab has an interest in
• The author of the original grant has an interest in
• The professor who gave McDonald the model proposal has an interest in
• Desert State University has an interest in
• The funding agency (NIH) has the right to expect that its reviewers will
• The scientific community has an interest in
Consequences McDonald, himself, faces the most serious consequences of this decision. Discuss how his decision may have an impact on:
• his career
• his character
• his conscience
• his relationship with Jones
• other people in Jone’s lab
• DSU
• the funding agency
• the author of the original grant proposal
• the professor who gave him the model proposal
• the person who discovers the plagiarism
• to science in general
Discuss each of McDonald’s Obligations
• To maintain physical and mental health..
• To be honest and conduct himself with integrity.
• To fulfill his contractual responsibilities to Jones
• To behave responsibly toward his new employer.
• To balance obligations to self with obligations to employers.
• To respect the intellectual property of his colleagues.
• To know and uphold rudimentary rules of scholarship.
• To maintain the reputation of science
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