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Complete all these question, indicating whether the statement are true or false and explaining your answers IN YOUR OWN WORDS. If you also include a quote or a closely paraphrased passage, make sure that you cite it. You can receive one point of extra credit (no more than five total points) for each short, properly cited quote from a relevant passage from SOCIAL ETHICS or THE ELEMENTS OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY that you include in support of (that is, in addition to) your explanation. (“Relevant passages” do NOT include the editors’ article summaries in SOCIAL ETHICS.) DO NOT RELY ON THE SOCIAL ETHICS EDITORS? SUMMARIES OF THE ARTICLES FOR YOUR EXPLANATIONS. You are allowed to do this exam with another person or with two other people. If you choose this option, hand in only one copy with all of your names on it.
1. Callahan asserts that there is a crucial moral distinction between “killing” and “allowing to die” that would permit acts of “passive euthanasia,” but forbid acts of “active euthanasia” (PAS and VAE).
2. The videos “The Suicide Tourist” and “The Coumbias’ Story” tell the stories of three people who went to Switzerland seeking assisted suicide and who all received the aid of the group Dignitas and a doctor working with the group in carrying out their wishes.
5. Primoratz would most likely agree with Texas Governor Perry’s decision to grant a stay of execution for Willingham so that new evidence in his case could be more closely examined.
9. In its 1976 decision, Gregg v. Georgia, a majority of the members of the United States Supreme Court said that capital punishment for the crimes of murder and rape were constitutional and ordered all states to include capital punishment in their judicial processes.
12. In a 2005 decision, Atkins v. Virginia, the Supreme Court ruled that it is unconstitutional to execute anyone who murdered someone when s/he (the murderer) was younger than fourteen years of age.
14. The video “The Suicide Plan” focuses on an organization started by Dr. Jack Kevorkian and Dr. Timothy Quill whose purpose was to disseminate information about and create support for legislation allowing physician assisted suicide (PAS).
16. Although he, in theory, supports capital punishment, Primoratz thinks that it should be forbidden at this point in time in the United States because it is simply ?a means of social discrimination and [the] perpetuation of social injustice.?
17. Agreeing with Emanuel about the dangers of legalizing any kind of active euthanasia (PAS or VAE), Watts and Howell would oppose any laws that would allow aid in dying as it has been practiced by either Jack Kevorkian or Timothy Quill.
18. In Holland, Switzerland, Washington, and Oregon one of the major requirements for PAS or VAE is that the person requesting such aid in dying be in uncontrollable physical pain.
19. Callahan argues that, since there is no distinction between killing and allowing to die, “turning off a respirator or removing a feeding tube” are both always immoral and should be illegal.
20. ?Passive? euthanasia (withholding, or withdrawing treatment) if it will likely result in the death of the patient is not allowed (legally) anywhere in the United States for incompetent patients.
21. Emanuel opposes both the legalization of and all acts of euthanasia, including those that involve “passive” euthanasia and those that involve “indirect” euthanasia.
22. Requests for PAS and VAE usually come from people who are in terrible physical pain that cannot be controlled.
23. People who do not, in principle, oppose laws allowing “active” physician aid in dying would in all probability agree that the Dutch approach would be an excellent one for the United States to adopt.
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